Oct 15, 2015 pneumonia is an infection that involves a complex set of steps, beginning with initial contact with a pathogenic microorganism and culminating in the invasion of the lower respiratory tract. For both types of pneumonia there is variation in care and areas of. Types of pneumonia pneumonia affects your lungs in two ways. Pharmacologic principles of antimicrobial therapy i. Pneumonia is an infection that involves a complex set of steps, beginning with initial contact with a pathogenic microorganism and culminating in the invasion of the lower respiratory tract. Characterized primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen. A 70yearold man presents to the emergency department complaining of rightsided pleuritic chest pain, cough productive of thick greenishyellow sputum, increasing dyspnea, fevers, and shaking chillsall of 2 day duration. The initial choice of antibiotic is made empirically. Clinically it is prudent to classify pneumonia according to setting in which it occurs because it helps the treating physician to give empirical antimicrobial therapy. The attached ebook of respiratory pneumonia contains selfprepared notes that will help you understand the. Pneumonia symptoms, pathophysiology, nursing respiratory. Pneumonia is a respiratory infection characterized by inflammation of the alveolar space andor the interstitial tissue of the lungs. The air spaces fill with pus and other liquids, so oxygen cant reach your blood.
Airways and mechanical ventilation what is respiratory failure. Medical surgical nursing respiratory lecture 12 the. Likely to occur when defense mechanisms become incompetent or are overwhelmed by the virulence or quantity of infectious agents. Pneumonia from the greek pneuma, breath is a potentially fatal infection and inflammation of the lowerrespiratory tract i. It is important to note that no clinical or radiological sign either alone or in.
Wait for 4872 hrs for the drugs to act and before labelling traetment failure. The management of communityacquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age pdf icon 52 pages external icon the pediatric infectious diseases society and infectious diseases society of america developed these clinical practice guidelines. Pneumonia acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma. It usually carries a better prognosis and is more likely to be caused by antibiotic. Successful antimicrobial therapy occurs when an effective concentration of drug is delivered to the site of infection for a sufficient period of time. Radiology presents the essential core knowledge needed by medical students, junior doctors on the foundation programme, specialist nurses and staff in the radiology department. Pneumonia is an infection of the pulmonary tissue, including the interstitial spaces, the alveoli, and the bronchioles the edema associated with inflammation stiffens the lung, decreases lung compliance and vital capacity, and causes hypoxemia. Communityacquired pneumonia patient education booklet. It is more likely to be caused by viruses or by atypical bacteria. Here is the master list linked to all foam free open access medical education lectures from the university of louisville internal medicine residency program. Pneumonia has been a common disease throughout human history. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. Organisms that cause pneumonia reach the lung by aspiration from the nasopharynx or oropharynx.
Lobar pneumonia is often due to streptococcus pneumoniae though klebsiella pneumoniae is also possible. Imoloa has really made me so much believe in him by getting me cured with his herbal treatment. Radiology plays an invaluable role in the initial diagnosis and subsequent management of patients and this fully revised and updated new edition of lecture notes. Pneumonia management and prevention guidelines cdc. Pneumonia 15 pneumonia is a lung infection involving the lung alveoli air sacs and can be caused by microbes, including bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Bronchial pneumonia affects the lungs in patches around the tubes bronchi or bronchioles. Lecture notes in pulmonary medicine chest medicine.
What pneumonia does when you have pneumonia your lungs are inflamed or infected. Getnet mitike, mesfin addissie, mengesha admassu, abilo tadesse. I would like to express my deep appreciation to dr. It is the leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death in the united states and exacts an enormous cost in economic and human terms. Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in the world and the sixth most common cause of death in the united states. Predisposing factors of pneumonia causes aetiology classification of pneumonia according to 7 clinical settings. Communityacquired pneumonia education booklet outpatient page 1 updated june 2009 what is pneumonia. Tackling the deadliest diseases for the worlds poorest children. Jan 23, 2014 pneumonia pneumonia is an infection in one or both of your lungs. Pneumonia is a lung infection involving the lung alveoli air sacs and can be caused by microbes. Pneumonia is a common lung infection characterised by collection of pus and other fluids in the lung air sacs alveoli. It is the number one cause of death from infectious diseases in the united states. The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of nice, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. Lecture notes undergraduate nursing students pathophysiology fuad ibrahim md mengistu welday m.
These lecture notes are sole property of original uploaders. This infection can be acquired in the community or within the hospital setting, and can be transmitted by aspirated or inhaled microorganisms. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Pneumonia, along with influenza, is the eighth leading cause of death in the united states. Community acquired pneumonia boston health care for the. Pneumonia powerpoint presentation medical lecture notes. The goal with each of these is to maintain a patent airway and thereby effectively oxygenate the patient. Pneumonia definition is an inflammatory condition of the lung it is often characterized as including inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung. Minimum effective concentrations are those needed to inhibit growth. Pharmacy pharm d, b pharm,mpharm, d pharm lecture notes. Hey mbbs colleagues, here in this thread i am sharing lecture notes in ebook format pdf for the subject respiratory pneumonia for mbbs year 3 and other medical courses students. Pdf file of the complete article 454k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page.
Initial work identifying the two common bacterial causes streptococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae was performed. Respiratory pneumonia mbbs year 3 revision notes, ebook pdf. Bacteria were first seen in the airways of individuals who died from pneumonia edwin klebs in 1875. N haramaya university in collaboration with the ethiopia public health training initiative, the carter center, the. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
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